If you are beginning academic writing, research, or preparing a dissertation, the first thing that could create confusion is: What research to use, descriptive or experimental research? You are not the only one!
In this guide, we are here to help by providing clear explanations for the type of research and its benefits, examples, and flaws, so it looks less intimidating and you can do it. And do you want some assistance? We will also share details about an expert research paper help platform that you can choose to assist you in writing your research paper.
Descriptive Research Vs Experimental Research.
What is Descriptive Research?
It is a technique to explain a population or event in detail. It observes trends, rather than making controlled tests or adjusting variables.
You are asked to look into students’ preferred ways of studying online. You would observe, survey or use polls to get this data while not influencing what they say. This is an example of descriptive research being used.
What is Experimental Research?
On the other hand, experimental research involves testing to find out how one thing causes another. Here, researchers change one variable, the independent one, to observe what happens to the other, which is the dependent one. Using a control group and an experimental group is common, which makes the data easier to compare in science.
Characteristics of Descriptive Research and Experimental Research
If you know the main ideas behind both the research, it becomes easier for you to decide which approach suits you best.
Characteristics Of Descriptive Research.
- Objective: To explain reality objectively without changing it.
- Methods Employed: Surveys, case studies, watching and observing, and reading what is written in texts.
- Data Type: Numbers as well as qualitative descriptions.
- Design: It uses non-experimental.
- Result: Enhance your understanding of trends, attitudes or behaviours.
Characteristics Of Experimental Research.
- Purpose: The purpose is to explain the reasons or methods behind events.
- Methods Used: Carried out laboratory experiments and field experiments.
- Data Type: This research uses mainly numbers and statistics.
- Design: Includes controlling and altering different variables.
- Results: The outcome results in the identification of causation.
Examples of Descriptive Research and Experimental Research
Let’s see how these approaches are relevant by looking at academic examples.
Examples of Descriptive Research:
- Studying student mental health after the pandemic.
- Monitoring how students take part in lessons to see their involvement.
- Monitoring how often and what students use social media at university.
Examples of Experimental Research:
- Checking whether concentrating on studying gets better with music playing.
- Studying whether working with a coach online leads to better test results than working with a coach in person.
- Testing how a high-protein diet may boost performance in athletes.
In short, descriptive research focuses on what is occurring, and experimental research lets you examine the reasons behind it.
Strengths or Advantages of Experimental Research and Descriptive Research
Every approach for research has its strengths. Let us look at the importance of both the research.
Descriptive Research is strong in the following ways:
- Budget Friendly: Low-cost since laboratory equipment is not needed.
- Flexible: Can process data from a large group of people using surveys or interviews.
- Realistic: Presents situations that could happen in real life.
- Time-Efficient: Easily done quickly because the data is often readily available.
Strengths of conducting Experimental Research include:
- Scientific Rigour: Ensures the evidence is reliable for showing what causes what.
- Precision: Keeping variables under control means fewer unpredictable results.
- Replicable: An experiment can be repeated to ensure its results are correct.
Disadvantages or Limitations of Experimental Research and Descriptive Research
Both of these research types have certain drawbacks. Here are some of them:
Disadvantages of Descriptive Research
- No cause-and-effect Explanation: You can’t point to a cause for the trends.
- Bias Risk: The accuracy might be affected if the data is interpreted subjectively.
- Static Analysis: Provides only a single point in time, not how things evolve.
Limitations of experimental research.
- Time-Consuming: Plans must be made for the experiments, and data must be carefully studied.
- Expensive: You need costly facilities, necessary items, and participants.
- Ethical Issues: Concerns are raised about using unethical variables to adjust.
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Final Thoughts
Descriptive and experimental research are each important in different ways within the academic research ecosystem. Use descriptive research to observe, summarise, or explore how things unfold.
